International Research Journal of Commerce , Arts and Science

 ( Online- ISSN 2319 - 9202 )     New DOI : 10.32804/CASIRJ

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ART EDUCATION IN INDIA IN THE ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL PERIOD

    1 Author(s):  MOHINDER KUMAR MASTANA

Vol -  9, Issue- 2 ,         Page(s) : 83 - 89  (2018 ) DOI : https://doi.org/10.32804/CASIRJ

Abstract

In ancient India teaching was considered to be holy duty which a Brahman was bound to discharge irrespective of consideration of the fee teacher were expected to devote their lives to the cause of teaching in the missionary spirit of self-sacrifice, and the society laid down the principal that both the public and state should help the learned teachers & educational institutions very liberally. Society realized that “Vidyadana” or the gift in the cause of education was to be the best of gifts, possessing a higher religious merit than even the gift of land. On the occasion of religious feats, students and teachers were invited and donations were given liberally. Rulers of the country had very little directly to do with education. It was a private affairs of the people managed entirely by Brahman. Teachers were a highly honoured class-honoured by even by kings. Kings rose from thrones to receive great teachers such as Narada, Vashishtha and Vishwamitra.

1,  Kiran Kumar Thaplyal in his book “Jaina Painting” , Wiley Eastern Limited, New Delhi 2001
2. Detailed information regarding the  Ganguly, Anil Baran, “Fine-arts in ancient India” , New Delhi, 1979, 
3.  Misra, R.N “Ancient Artist and Art Activity” , Indian Institute of Advanced study, Simla,1975.  
4.See Manikant Shah, Sreni(Guilds): “A Unique Social Innovation of Ancient India” Manikant Shah & D.P. Agrawal, February 2003.  
5.Misra, R.N “Ancient Artist and Art Activity” , Indian Institute of Advanced study, Shimla, 1975. 
6. The illustrated and illuminated 15 Pal, Pratapaditva, ’’Court Paintings of India”. 1935- Edition 1st ed. Pub. New York : Navin Kumar, 1983). 
 7. Kesser, Urmi, "Social content in Modern Indian Painting”. Unpublished Ph.D theses, PU, 1982. 22 See Mishra , T.N, “Westernization of Indian Art” , Delhi. 23 See Archer, “W.G India And British Portraiture 1770-1825”.Oxford University Press, 1979 
8.Stuart B. Schwartz, “Implicit Understandings: Observing. Reporting, and Reflecting on the Encounters Between Europeans and Other Peoples in the Early Modern Era” , Edition: illustrated, Published by Cambridge University Press, 1994, 
9 Minissale, Gregory, The Synthesis of European and Mughal Art in the Emperor Akbar’s Khamsa of Nizami.

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